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Social and Cultural Anthropology is the study of human societies and cultures, including their beliefs, practices, and social organization. This category covers topics such as religion, economics, politics, and family, as well as the study of cultural diversity and globalization. From exploring the rich diversity of human cultures to understanding the complex social and cultural systems that shape our world, learn about the fascinating field of social and cultural anthropology.
The Civilizational School of Thought in anthropology offers an expansive view of cultures and societies by studying them in the context of their broader civilization. Unlike conventional approaches that may focus on specific communities or tribes, this school of thought emphasizes
Pastoralism, a subsistence pattern practiced by approximately 200 million people worldwide, has etched an indelible mark on human history. Predominantly occurring in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world such as the African Sahel and Central Asia, it hinges upon the domestication of animals and their products for livelihood.
The barter system represents one of the earliest forms of economic exchange, providing valuable insights into the social and economic structures of early human societies. Before the advent of monetary systems, bartering — the direct exchange of goods or services without the use of currency — was the norm.
These various kinship behaviors—joking relations, avunculate, amitate, couvade, and teknonymy—demonstrate how societies worldwide employ different mechanisms to regulate social behavior, build familial ties, and maintain cultural continuity.
This term 'degrees of kinship' refers to the proximity of a genetic, adoptive, or marital relationship between individuals, creating a web of familial ties that shape our societies and identities. Degrees of kinship is a system anthropologists use to describe and classify the types of relationships that exist between family members in various cultures.
Rules of residence refer to the societal norms dictating where a newly married couple will establish their residence. Anthropologists have long been interested in the study of residence patterns because they illuminate the social organization, family structure, and value systems within a society
Sacred Complex can be defined as the interconnection and interaction of sacred elements, including the sacred shrines, sacred specialists, and sacred performances within a society. It represents the unity and integrity of various socio-religious phenomena and their influence on people's lives.
Social Sanctions play an integral role in maintaining societal norms and values by influencing individual behavior. They can be classified into positive and negative sanctions, each of which has formal and informal variations.
The term 'Industrial Economy' refers to an economic system that heavily relies on manufacturing and industrial activity as its primary source of income. Industrial economies have reshaped global cultures in profound ways.
Agriculture, which represents one of the most critical sectors in human civilization, is the practice of cultivating plants and rearing animals for food, fiber, medicinal plants, and other products used to sustain and enhance life.
Shifting cultivation, often referred to as swidden agriculture or slash-and-burn farming, is a traditional agricultural practice that involves the rotation of fields rather than crops. Predominant among indigenous populations, it continues to be a prevalent mode of subsistence in various regions worldwide, particularly in tropical rainforest areas of South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia.
Throughout history, priests and priestesses have played integral roles in their societies, serving as key mediators between the supernatural and the human world. As spiritual figures, they were entrusted with duties ranging from conducting rituals to offering guidance on moral issues.
